A Brain Organoid-Based Mitosis Dataset for Automatic Analysis of Brain Diseases

Date of Award

4-30-2024

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science in Machine Learning

Department

Machine Learning

First Advisor

Dr. Rao Anwer

Second Advisor

Dr. Hisham Cholakkal

Abstract

"Research in neurodevelopmental and genetic disorders encompasses a broad range of topics aimed at understanding the underlying mechanisms, identifying risk factors, developing diagnostic tools, and exploring potential treatments for disorders that affect brain development that are influenced by genetic factors. Analysing neurobiological mechanisms in embryonic brain help to study the processes involved in brain development in embryos and how disruptions contribute to genetic brain diseases. Recent advances have enabled the study of human brain development using brain organoids derived from stem cells. Quantifying cellular processes like mitosis in these organoids offers insights into neurodevelopmental disorders, but the manual analysis is time-consuming, and existing datasets lack specific details for brain organoid studies. In this work a new dataset BOrg, is introduced to study mitotic events in the embryonic development of the brain using confocal microscopy images of brain organoids. BOrg utilizes an efficient annotation pipeline with sparse point annotations and techniques that minimize expert effort, overcoming limitations of standard deep learning approaches on sparse data. Benchmark state-of-the-art object detection and cell counting models are adapted on BOrg for detecting and analyzing mitotic cells across prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase stages. Results demonstrate that these adapted models show modest improvement in mitosis analysis efficiency and accuracy for brain organoid research compared to original methods. BOrg facilitates the development of automated tools to quantify statistics like mitosis rates, aiding mechanistic studies of neurodevelopmental processes and disorders."

Comments

Thesis submitted to the Deanship of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies

In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the M.Sc degree in Machine Learning

Advisors:Rao Anwer, Hisham Cholakkal

with 1 year embargo period

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